This distress is a localized area of the slab that is broken into pieces. The punchout can take many different shapes and forms, but it is usually defined by a crack and a joint. The distance between the join and the crack or two closely spaced cracks is < 1.5 m (5 ft.) wide. This distress is caused by heavy repeated loads, inadequate slab thickness, loss of foundation support, or a localized concrete construction deficiency, for example, honeycombing.